Rules of speech. How to prepare for the speech

3) Research the Topic

If both the speaker and the listener want to benefit from the speech then it is necessary to do research on the subject before giving the speech. So if you want to give an informative speech, you have to read articles or magazines about the subject. It remains to be seen whether any information on this subject has recently been published in journals, magazines or journals. Information can also be obtained from an expert in this regard.

4) research to identify the main points to be recorded (Formulate the Thesis and Identify the Major Propositions) speech rules.

The topic that will be discussed is Thesis 8 And if the subject is discussed in detail, it is a proposition or statement.

For example, there are four elements in human blood – this is the thesis. And the material that is discussed is proposition or statement. The statement is made from the main idea of ​​the thesis.

Again, studying at university is a thesis. Why it is good, why it is valuable, what benefits, etc. are statements. That is,

1st proposition – The possibility of a good job is created by studying in the university.

2nd proposition – higher salary is available.

3rd proposition – more job opportunities are available.

4th proposition – Introduction to different cultures.

5th proposition – social evaluation increases.

6th proposition – to get acquainted with famous people.

7th proposition – the range of experience increases a lot.

5) Support the Major Propositions

After identifying the propositions, come to this level to strengthen or support the propositions. The speaker has to show some arguments or statistics to prove this proposition that a good job can be found by studying in a university.

For example, a survey of undergraduate jobs in colleges and universities over the last five years shows that 80% of those who passed from university got jobs, 20% who passed from colleges. The remaining 20% ​​got jobs who passed from other institutions. The survey may be the research of an organization.

In the case of informative discourse, an idea is expanded. Expansion contains descriptions, images, definitions, examples.

Again, in the case of persuasive speech, specific examples, arguments, motivational (doing a job will increase your self-esteem) to stir people’s psychological matter.

For example, if you are not highly educated, you will not have social status, etc.

6) Organize the Speech Materials

If the speaker wants to make the listener listen or remember the speech, he must first organize it. 6 patterns need to be used to organize the structure of speech. It is discussed below-

i) Chronological Pattern (Time Pattern)

Refers to the chronological order of speech. Usually historical issues are in this pattern.

For example, any statement regarding the liberation war is usually started from 1947.

ii) Spatial Pattern

This pattern is usually followed in the case of informative statements. Hospitals, schools, dinosaur structures, and space travel patterns are followed in any country travel discourse.

iii) Topical Pattern

This is the most popular and widely used pattern. An overall topic is discussed in different parts.

For example, when giving a statement on how a state works, the discourse is divided into different parts and one topic is discussed That is, the executive branch of the state, the law department, the judiciary department, etc. are discussed separately.

iv) Problem Solution Pattern

It is commonly used in persuasive speech. There are two parts here. The problems are highlighted in the first part. Later the solutions to those problems were highlighted.

v) Cause-Effective Pattern

This pattern is used in persuasive speech. First the result, then the cause.

vi) The Motivated Sequence

The information is arranged in such a way that the speech creates a positive impression in the listener. It is suitable for both informative and persuasive. There are five steps in this case-

A. Attention

Speak in such a way that the listener pays close attention to the speech. The speech should provide information so that the listener is eager to listen.

B. Requirements

The listener has to prove that there is a need or need for the subject to be addressed.

C. Satisfaction

The needs or needs of the listener should be conveyed to the listener in such a way that the listener is satisfied.

D. Visualization

Visualization means seeing something with the eyes of the mind. Psychological narrative is described in such a way that the listener space can move away from time. Create trust and feelings in the listener. The positive and negative aspects have to be highlighted.

E. Activation

The speaker should mention something so that the listener is satisfied with the necessity of the subject. For this, special instructions have to be given and the listener has to be motivated to read journals and books.

Rules of speech

8) Language Awareness / Wording the Speech

The language of the main points of the speech and the material with which the speech will be presented should be such that the listeners can understand it immediately. The audience will listen to the speaker only once. So everything should be said very simply, in simple language, so that the listener can easily hear and understand. Therefore, the speaker needs to pay attention to the following issues-

A. Clarity

Early achievement in the case of transparent speaking speech. Here are some suggestions on how to look or get an appointment for antique items.

Thrift

To avoid wastage of words, it is necessary to refrain from using repetitive and meaningless words.

For example, all together, complete and complete report etc. repetition should be eliminated.

Variety

What kind of word will bring vitality in the mind of the listener, it is necessary to bring variety with that kind of word.

Alliteration: Using words that begin with the same letter or pronunciation.

Exaggeration : Exaggeration, rhetoric can be used in speech.

Metaphor: The word metaphor can be used.

Adjectives: Names can be specialized with special ornaments.

Visual analogy: giving analogy about what the audience sees in front of them.

8) Conclusions and role preparation (Construct the Conclusion and the Introduction) speech rules.

In the case of long speeches, there is inconsistency, various things are said over time. Therefore, the central tone of the whole speech should be highlighted in the conclusion. It is necessary to end the speech very clearly.

” The beginning is the most important part of the work ,” Plato said of the beginning of the speech . Basically the beginning of the speech is like the first day class. It is easy to maintain continuity through this. The introduction should be such that the listener welcomes the speaker and the speech and has a positive attitude.

The rules for starting a speech can be started with questions to get the attention of the audience first. Then give an initial idea of ​​the speech. At the same time, it is necessary to give a preliminary idea about the outcome of the discussion.

The two main initiatives are-

To draw the attention of the audience. This can be done by emphasizing the subject matter of the speech, telling funny stories, highlighting unfamiliar facts or figures.

→ The introduction will interest the audience and give them a brief idea of ​​the whole speech.